![]() The terms used by various manufacturers often reflect marketing rather than engineering considerations or significant technical differences between systems. There is no universally accepted set of terminology that describes the various architectures and functions. However, "four-wheel drive" typically refers to a set of specific components and functions, and intended off-road application, which generally complies with modern use of the terminology.įour-wheel-drive systems were developed in many different markets and used in many different vehicle platforms. It may be full-time or on-demand, and is typically linked via a transfer case providing an additional output drive shaft and, in many instances, additional gear ranges.Ī four-wheel drive vehicle with torque supplied to both axles is described as "all-wheel drive" (AWD). The Jeep Wrangler (pictured is a TJ Wrangler) is a 4WD vehicle with a transfer case to select low-range or high-range four-wheel drive.įour-wheel drive, also called 4×4 ("four by four") or 4WD, refers to a two-axled vehicle drivetrain capable of providing torque to all of its wheels simultaneously. For other uses, see Four by four (disambiguation) and Four-wheel drive (disambiguation). ![]()
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